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更新時間：2023-08-10 19:08
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We take our liberties for granted. They seem absolute and untouchable. But they are the result of a series of violent struggles fought over 800 years that, at times, have threatened to tear our society apart. On the frontline was a document originally inked on animal skin – Magna Carta. Distinguished constitutional historian David Starkey looks at the origins of the Great Charter in 1215 to check the abuses of King John - and how it nearly died at birth. He explores its subsequent deployment, its contribution to making everyone – even the monarch – subject to the rule of law, and how this quintessentially English document migrated to the North American colonies and eventually became the foundation of the US constitution. Magna Carta has become a universal symbol of individual freedom against the tyranny of the state, but with ever-tightening government control on our lives, is it time to resurrect it?
長篇影評
1 ) Quotes
For the barons, the clauses that really mattered in Magna Carta dealt with the inheritance, marriages and ownership of land. These may seem remote now, but they established what half the world, from Russia to China, still lacks - that the state can't help itself to private property at will. And then there are the famous clauses which best have come to symbolise the universal freedoms promised by Magna Carta - clauses 39 and 40.
"No free man shall be seized or imprisoned, or stripped of his rights or possessions, or outlawed or exiled or deprived of his standing in any other way, nor will we proceed with force against him or send others to do so, except by the lawful judgment of his equals or by the law of the land. To no-one will we sell, to no-one deny or delay right or justice."
There was, indeed, there is, something here that really matters. The sense that Magna Carta protects and defines those three key fundamental freedoms of the Anglo-Saxon world - life, liberty and property - is spot on.
The charter had achieved something truly revolutionary and almost by accident. The great charter, despite its name, contained no great general statement of principle. However, its multitude of detailed clauses did imply one - that the king, however great his power, however much the law was his law, was, finally, UNDER the law.
Runnymede is the most English of places and Magna Carta, the most English of events. But what perhaps is most English of all, is that there is nothing much to mark the spot of one of the most famous events in human history. Nothing English, but there is this. It's erected in 1957 by the American Bar Association to commemorate Magna Carta, symbol of freedom under the law. It's here because Magna Carta matters in America too. It's our very first English export there, because Magna Carta was carried in the minds of the English colonists themselves.
Magna Carta makes no grand, general statements about liberty and freedom. It's not got right first time. It has to be reworked again and again. And yet, the outcome of this process of trial and error is a profound change of political behaviour. Consultation and accommodation between ruler and ruled ceased to be exceptional crisis management and have become instead a matter of habit of how we English do things.
"No free man shall be seized or imprisoned, or stripped of his rights or possessions, or outlawed or exiled or deprived of his standing in any other way, nor will we proceed with force against him or send others to do so, except by the lawful judgment of his equals or by the law of the land. To no-one will we sell, to no-one deny or delay right or justice."
There was, indeed, there is, something here that really matters. The sense that Magna Carta protects and defines those three key fundamental freedoms of the Anglo-Saxon world - life, liberty and property - is spot on.
The charter had achieved something truly revolutionary and almost by accident. The great charter, despite its name, contained no great general statement of principle. However, its multitude of detailed clauses did imply one - that the king, however great his power, however much the law was his law, was, finally, UNDER the law.
Runnymede is the most English of places and Magna Carta, the most English of events. But what perhaps is most English of all, is that there is nothing much to mark the spot of one of the most famous events in human history. Nothing English, but there is this. It's erected in 1957 by the American Bar Association to commemorate Magna Carta, symbol of freedom under the law. It's here because Magna Carta matters in America too. It's our very first English export there, because Magna Carta was carried in the minds of the English colonists themselves.
Magna Carta makes no grand, general statements about liberty and freedom. It's not got right first time. It has to be reworked again and again. And yet, the outcome of this process of trial and error is a profound change of political behaviour. Consultation and accommodation between ruler and ruled ceased to be exceptional crisis management and have become instead a matter of habit of how we English do things.
You know we came here, we see those proud phrases in which liberty and freedom and right and God and nature are plasterd over these huge marble monuments. Didn't the hypocrisy stink in your nostrils? 笑死我了23333
??1215年中國都南宋了，早就不知道有多少部自己的法律了，憑什么要受世界另一端一個都沒有統(tǒng)一店西歐島國影響，還有為什么要cue毛子啊？那時候毛子還是基輔羅斯吧……??這也太歐洲中心論了，英國人??什么毛病嘛？講自己國內(nèi)史就好好關(guān)注自身好吧。??2015年的片子把米國大統(tǒng)領(lǐng)比喻成不戴假發(fā)的喬治三世，那時候還是奧巴馬吧！英國人大概不尖酸刻薄渾身難受。要把美國制度的根源訴諸《大憲章》幫自己臉上貼金也不是不可以理解，說什么恐怖主義導致西方封閉就大可不必了，有因才有果。
王權(quán)和民權(quán)的斗爭，民權(quán)是如何一步步勝利的?！洞髴椪隆纷顚氋F的一點就在于對于普通人自由的保護與認同，這也為英國的法律打下了一個與眾不同的底子。
現(xiàn)代文明的起源
又上了一堂歷史課。。。great。。。貴國跟羅剎皆中槍。。
大憲章真的很神奇，雖然是機緣巧合，但能在800年前就提到保障個人財產(chǎn)、自由和權(quán)利，實在是神奇。以及講英國大憲章還不忘踩一腳美國，這很英國。也就是這片拍得早，放到現(xiàn)在拍，關(guān)塔納摩壓根排不上號，Trump在位四年的騷操作就夠主持人陰陽的了。
自由是需要爭取的。
很好睡。 中午slept to it
從約翰王簽署《大憲章》，到愛德華·柯克起草《權(quán)利請愿書》，查理一世與國會的斗爭失敗走向斷頭臺，清教徒乘坐五月花號把英國的憲法精神傳遞到了美洲，喬治王的印花稅讓美國的Founding Father們走向《獨立宣言》的道路，大憲章的金質(zhì)復本立在美國的國會大廈內(nèi)，911事件后西方世界自大憲章以來受憲法保護的自由遭受恐怖主義的挑戰(zhàn)......一出800年間不斷演變的大憲章史話。
我們是否正將越來越多的自由以所謂安全的旗號犧牲了呢？
完整了解《大憲章》的來龍去脈，與《小英國，大倫敦》里文章“大憲章八百年”如出一轍。自由、生命、財產(chǎn)都需尊重。
from russia to china
生命、自主和財產(chǎn)三項基本自由，900多年后還沒有到達世界每個角落。
重溫英國王朝的更迭，從金雀花到斯圖亞特。
一個小時，簡單梳理了從1215大憲章到今天關(guān)于制約最高權(quán)力的歷史。簡明扼要。
不到最后十分鐘我都以為這是一部本本分分講大憲章的歷史片…大英的核心果然是堅定不移黑燈塔國，同時表達“小zei別蹦噠，你大爺永遠是你大爺”??再說邏輯線：大憲章是先烈為自由斗爭的輝煌產(chǎn)物，隨著英國人移民到美洲，你們這些英國后代在這片新大陸上把大憲章玩成什么樣子啦？（佐證有最高法院的門上有詹姆士和柯克等人的銅像，國會也有大憲章黃金復刻本等）你大爺我非常擔心你們的自由狀況啊……反正大爺講氣話真的底氣十足，不管自立門戶幾百年，你都是我大兒
“我們是否為了安全犧牲了太多自由了呢，我們也許正夢遊在步向集權(quán)主義的路上……”
可以看看。想了解歐洲必須要知道大憲章的吧?？梢院徒鹑富ㄍ醭黄鹂础，F(xiàn)代社會無論東西方都果然面臨挑戰(zhàn)啊。
從大憲章到關(guān)塔那摩都是盎格魯撒克遜。
They established what half the world,including Russia to China,still lacks,that the state can't help itself to private property at will.The sense that Megna Carta protects and defines those three key of fundamental freedoms - life,liberty and property.