《面孔》是卡薩維蒂繼《影子》之后的又一藝術(shù)性高峰,但是與前者給我?guī)?lái)的爽快觀感不同,《面孔》的后半段觀影過(guò)程堪稱(chēng)折磨,雖然其敘事和結(jié)構(gòu)的確富有藝術(shù)性與新意,但是主題的單調(diào)性和高度重復(fù)化風(fēng)格化的特寫(xiě)確實(shí)在一個(gè)小時(shí)后將我?guī)肓似v的深淵。與眾多影評(píng)人對(duì)這部影片給出的高分不同,筆者認(rèn)為其對(duì)立結(jié)構(gòu)缺乏密度和深度,并且在人物個(gè)像和群像之間并未求得較好的平衡(這個(gè)問(wèn)題在弗朗西斯瓦·歐容的新作《感謝上帝》中有更加突出的體現(xiàn),到時(shí)繼續(xù)做更加詳細(xì)的討論),因此算不上是完全的佳作。 該電影的結(jié)構(gòu)可以被宏觀上剖析成一個(gè)聯(lián)結(jié)的崩塌,對(duì)于婚姻不滿(mǎn)的男方女方分別外出尋歡,并在這一夜與其他人相遇相知相“愛(ài)”。整個(gè)電影基于一個(gè)夜晚所發(fā)生的一切,這對(duì)于一個(gè)長(zhǎng)達(dá)兩小時(shí)有余的影片來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)過(guò)于充分的敘事空間了,然而卡薩維蒂并未像他后來(lái)如《愛(ài)的激流》或者《女煞葛洛蒂》一樣安排交織的故事和空間,只是將攝像機(jī)無(wú)數(shù)次的對(duì)準(zhǔn)演員,他們的神情動(dòng)作,所有的姿態(tài)被他分解和觀察,并通過(guò)兩位主角與其他角色的溝通來(lái)繼續(xù)投射。這個(gè)方式本身在筆者看來(lái)出現(xiàn)了令人困惑的非一致性,男主理查德和商人們與他的風(fēng)流對(duì)象采取了過(guò)度風(fēng)格化的(又名:喝了酒的卡薩維蒂)影響調(diào)度,快速切換的鏡頭,過(guò)度嘈雜的笑聲等等(當(dāng)然這個(gè)觀影體驗(yàn)可能是上海影城在放映單聲軌電影時(shí)的通病)。理查德在這個(gè)部分的表現(xiàn)是主動(dòng)而外顯的,儼然為一名參與者。而相對(duì)的在女主瑪麗帶酒吧男孩回家派對(duì)后,她始終未有進(jìn)一步的行動(dòng),而是以一名偶爾做出費(fèi)解表情的觀察者去注意她姐妹們的行徑。筆者只能從卡薩維蒂的固有男性視角來(lái)理解這樣的身份不一致。
《面孔》可以是卡薩維蒂對(duì)于他所鐘情的宏觀意義上的愛(ài)情主題中婚姻和性所進(jìn)行的二維探討,理查德代表的性和瑪麗代表的婚姻在一夜的混沌之后走向了沉默的統(tǒng)一。但是其內(nèi)核的反復(fù)性配上低反差的黑白影像讓筆者不斷地想起伯格曼的《婚姻生活》,雖然兩者確實(shí)相差甚遠(yuǎn),但同樣略顯枯燥。 當(dāng)然,《面孔》有著無(wú)與倫比的室內(nèi)調(diào)度和特寫(xiě),雖然廣度尚欠,但是其對(duì)于一種外放性的視覺(jué)表達(dá):表情 做出了深刻的探討??ㄋ_維蒂不畏懼夸張的手法來(lái)彰顯連綿不斷的習(xí)慣性的謊言,和迅速轉(zhuǎn)變的表情一起所被描寫(xiě)的同樣是不斷起伏而掙扎的內(nèi)心。We are all making fool of ourselves. 結(jié)尾與樓梯上位置的互換,是一種生活態(tài)度上的切換,還是單純位置上的扭曲。
Cassavetes on Cassavetes by Cassavetes, John Carney
Page 165
As in Shadows, and as would be the case in all of his subsequent films, Faces’ actors were encouraged to draw on the deepest aspects of their personalities and attitudes in their playing. Cassavetes’ secret to making this work was to operate in such a deep way that the actors didn’t realize what was going on. Their performances became explorations of parts of themselves they didn’t know were there, and which would only be discovered later, if ever. The characters Cassavetes created were sufficiently different from the actors in superficial respects that the actors didn’t recognize the similarity to themselves, which meant that they played their roles unselfconsciously and unguardedly. But, at the same time, the roles tapped into deep structures of feeling and personality that enriched their performances and made them profoundly revealing.
As Cassavetes mentioned above, Seymour Cassel did follow women home and make love to them (and had gotten into a lot of trouble because of it). He was a kind of ‘beach boy’, and aspects of Cassel’s personality and attitudes deeply informed the character of Chettie. Lynn Carlin played a housewife with problems and, at the point she made Faces, she herself had ‘some severe personal problems’ (in Al Ruban’s words). Her marriage was falling apart; she had lost her job; and she had a lot of mixed feelings (both positive and negative) about her life and the men she knew, even as she still maintained a degree of innocence that contrasted with the externals of her situation. Cassavetes got her to draw on her pains, confusions and vulnerability in her portrayal of Maria. Similarly, Cassavetes drew on parts of Val Avery that Avery himself didn’t understand to deepen his performance of McCarthy. Avery’s characteristic bluster and swagger – and the vulnerability that the big talk covered up – became his character. (Avery the person is the very definition of a lamb in wolf’s clothing – hiding his genuine gentleness under a gruff exterior.) As a comic illustration of the overlap of life and art, at one point in the shoot Avery invited Cassavetes to ‘go outside and fight when he got upset with him, exactly the same way his character does with Richard Forst. Cassavetes similarly drew on aspects of John Marley’s personality. As a seasoned ‘pro’, Marley did have a high opinion of himself and felt superior to the less experienced actors – particularly the beginner, Carlin. He intimidated her, patronized her and criticized her acting. He was occasionally testy when Cassavetes asked for another take (feeling that his performance had been good enough). Cassavetes knew not to ignore this dynamic but to use it to enhance Marley’s performance as a high-powered businessman and to energize his acted relationship with Carlin. (By way of contrast, Marley’s very different feelings towards Gena Rowlands, his respect for her as an actress and a person, are drawn on in the altogether more responsive performance he gives when he is playing with her.
從倫敦Prince Charles電影院的放映廳走出來(lái)時(shí),我下意識(shí)地順著眼前的路,推開(kāi)眼前的門(mén),卻沒(méi)想到這扇門(mén)將我?guī)Щ亓朔庞硰d。走上樓梯的時(shí)候我甚至差點(diǎn)摔倒。這部電影,連同著它所傳遞的悲傷,絕望,和無(wú)法逃離的困境,捆綁著我的情緒,就好像昨天那間難以逃離的放映廳。從放映廳走出來(lái),我和朋友徑直走向了離電影院最近的酒吧,一人點(diǎn)了一杯威士忌蘇打,坐在那里彼此誰(shuí)也說(shuō)不出話(huà)。
《面孔》是導(dǎo)演與演員的天才之作。當(dāng)我們將鏡頭推進(jìn)到每一張面龐前的時(shí)候,才發(fā)現(xiàn)原來(lái)一個(gè)人顫抖的下巴,抿起的嘴唇,迷離的眼神,和心碎的狂笑中,能夠隱藏深切的渴望,久久的隱忍,擺脫不了的迷惘和靈魂最深的痛楚。 原來(lái)其實(shí)人的情緒確實(shí)都寫(xiě)在臉上,只是看你敢不敢湊近。
大部分人與人之間的關(guān)系總是傳遞出一種悲傷。無(wú)論我們?nèi)绾斡昧⒛樫N在一起,你也無(wú)法成為我的一部分,無(wú)論此時(shí)我們?nèi)绾蜗鄲?ài),都注定會(huì)在某個(gè)瞬間憎恨彼此,無(wú)論此時(shí)此刻如何地永恒,我們終將分離。如何在絕望與愛(ài)中,和另一個(gè)靈魂共處,是我們與人性的斗爭(zhēng)。
well,很好的教學(xué)類(lèi)影片,如何將人物關(guān)系配合著燥郁的紀(jì)錄片風(fēng)格拍出來(lái),卡索維茨利用自己牛逼到不行的剪輯,以及指導(dǎo)演員完全奉獻(xiàn)的歇斯底里的表演,做到了,單個(gè)到連串的場(chǎng)景中,分鏡的效用一直十分精準(zhǔn),超乎想象,和戈達(dá)爾殊途同歸。另外一方面,劇本也是極好,用流水一樣的“類(lèi)公路片”手法將不間斷的對(duì)話(huà)穿起來(lái),十分聰明,更別說(shuō)開(kāi)頭那驚人的媒介反思,超越時(shí)代。
卡索維茨第二部個(gè)人風(fēng)格強(qiáng)烈的獨(dú)立電影。1.聚焦中產(chǎn)階級(jí)名存實(shí)亡的婚姻,將婚姻的裂解濃縮到一個(gè)晚上,雙方都不再戀慕配偶,但即便是偷情也沒(méi)什么刺激或新鮮感,一股百無(wú)聊賴(lài)的氣息氤氳在影片之中,一如那些時(shí)時(shí)可聞、難以止息的狂笑聲與各種插科打諢的冷笑話(huà),其實(shí)只是在掩蓋人們內(nèi)心的空虛與疲倦。2.卡索維茨大膽將攝影機(jī)往人臉上懟,以特寫(xiě)和大特寫(xiě)呈露每位角色,亦契合于片名[面孔],不過(guò),與伯格曼的沉靜凝滯不同,卡索維茨的特寫(xiě)常與手持鏡頭相結(jié)合,鏡頭運(yùn)動(dòng)與猝然剪輯都使影片染上了躁郁的氣息。3.室內(nèi)戲貫穿始終,僅有極個(gè)別轉(zhuǎn)場(chǎng)時(shí)出現(xiàn)短暫室外鏡頭。4.以16毫米攝影機(jī)拍成,漫溢著噪點(diǎn),低反差布光,不少鏡頭都有瑕疵(如畫(huà)面邊緣沾上的頭發(fā)?),表演看起來(lái)也很隨性自然,即興與編排的界線(xiàn)已然消隱無(wú)蹤。(8.0/10)
看卡索維茨的片子,得有一顆百無(wú)聊賴(lài)的心。他舉著16mm攝影機(jī)在房間里晃來(lái)晃去,黑白影像噪點(diǎn)斑駁,即興記錄的都是迷茫的面孔和無(wú)意義的絮語(yǔ)。片頭連續(xù)卡頭特寫(xiě)、片尾夫妻在樓梯上平行坐下又站起,一靜一動(dòng),總歸都狂躁。5萬(wàn)美元,做了3年,3個(gè)奧斯卡提名。后來(lái)他成立面孔公司,發(fā)行自己的電影。
強(qiáng)烈的窒息感在緊繃的對(duì)話(huà)和快速剪輯中積累。剝掉人際關(guān)系的皮囊,再厚重的粉飾都遮掩不住腐肉的惡臭,越往后扒開(kāi)越徹底,直到鮮血淋漓精疲力盡,只剩一地虛無(wú)絕望。再多笑都只有恐懼傷情,四個(gè)老女人帶年輕男人回家那里都有點(diǎn)不忍心看了。
Cassavetes讓人相信他導(dǎo)演的某些場(chǎng)面別人制造不出來(lái),因?yàn)槟切┤宋锼坪跽嬲枰暳藬z影機(jī);他的機(jī)位,他的推動(dòng),他的切和焦距都很有特色,全都處在了一個(gè)處心積慮地制造一個(gè)表現(xiàn)化了的景觀的組織中。
“他勉強(qiáng)笑著。她也附和著笑。他走出房間來(lái)到游廊上,消失在臺(tái)階下。他走后她的第一個(gè)反應(yīng)是松了口氣,顯得自在起來(lái)。”——奧尼爾《長(zhǎng)日入夜行·第一墓·幕落》
社交恐懼癥的末日?qǐng)雒妫喊樋自趦?nèi)的人體肢體潛臺(tái)詞大全。
大量神經(jīng)質(zhì)的狂笑和無(wú)聊的段子很容易使人初感對(duì)話(huà)之反常,但隨著該段落被拉扯到不可思議的長(zhǎng)度,我們卻開(kāi)始進(jìn)入情境,體會(huì)流動(dòng)不居的、始終在極端邊緣徘徊的情緒(林奇在《雙峰》回歸季中做了類(lèi)似的實(shí)驗(yàn));即興表演偶而中斷的節(jié)奏正配合戲中極力想擺脫尷尬的交談,一群唱/笑而一個(gè)不唱/笑的常態(tài),氣氛的突變(人物"演不下去"的表征)俱是于面孔浮現(xiàn),但卡薩維茨的特寫(xiě)運(yùn)用與德萊葉或伯格曼很不同――重點(diǎn)不是面孔構(gòu)成持續(xù)放大的情感沖擊,而在于其上情緒流變的力量:它產(chǎn)生的同時(shí)便消失,自身隱含對(duì)立的陳述,淚水是幸福的,而歡唱意味著痛苦空虛;這來(lái)自面孔的辯證法同樣適用于語(yǔ)言與沉默的矛盾:交流永遠(yuǎn)引向相反的目的,無(wú)言的轉(zhuǎn)場(chǎng)歌舞中角色卻似乎得到了快樂(lè)與自由.《假面》中伊麗莎白為何拒絕說(shuō)話(huà)?本片可看作對(duì)此問(wèn)題一個(gè)創(chuàng)造性的可能回答.
因?yàn)榍懊嫘踹兜牟糠终也坏筋^緒停看了一段時(shí)間,當(dāng)視角從丈夫轉(zhuǎn)到妻子后變得容易進(jìn)入了一點(diǎn),男性早已習(xí)慣在外找尋情緒的出口,而女性偶爾作樂(lè)都更易反省自己的行為,不輕易越軌,警惕眼前的歡愉。所有的絮語(yǔ)、無(wú)意義的繞口令都是孤獨(dú)。手持特寫(xiě)抓住了人物展露無(wú)遺的表情,太犀利了
重看。看明白了好多歡笑和眼淚。看卡索維茨電影,總會(huì)覺(jué)得那些“精心制作”的劇情片,顯得愚蠢至極………
為了點(diǎn)小事兒吵的天翻地覆,煩死了。這要是在中國(guó),沒(méi)有什么事不是一頓火鍋不能解決的,如果有,那就兩頓。
close-framing, quick reverse cut
9.1 真正的天才之作! 此時(shí)的卡薩維蒂對(duì)電影的理解已經(jīng)透徹至極,開(kāi)頭遍強(qiáng)調(diào)“電影”的存在,而“電影”卻如同生活一般尋常而漫無(wú)目的,在這樣的散漫間,卡薩維蒂拍攝的是一張張面孔,是一種情緒,而臺(tái)詞,不過(guò)是情緒的附加罷了。人物總是處于的這種或是狂笑,或是爭(zhēng)吵的癲狂狀態(tài),也是對(duì)情緒展示的外放。通過(guò)這種情緒的展示,觀眾在不言間就能感受到兩性關(guān)系的破裂與絕望。進(jìn)一步講,這更是每個(gè)人都存在著的無(wú)盡孤獨(dú)??催^(guò)這部,也就大概能理解卡薩維蒂一直在貫徹的即興表演的意義了。
Cassavetes用了極度冗長(zhǎng)的大量篇幅來(lái)展現(xiàn)片中人物的空虛對(duì)話(huà),而那些強(qiáng)作歡顏的慶祝,不得不讓人心生憐憫。只是抨擊虛偽的中產(chǎn)階級(jí)這種老掉牙的主題也沒(méi)搞出什么新意,那些來(lái)來(lái)去去的人物可是沒(méi)有任何區(qū)別的。唯一亮點(diǎn)在于結(jié)局處夫妻的微妙碰撞,讓這個(gè)作品終于在現(xiàn)實(shí)主義情景下有了一些根基。
生機(jī)勃勃,迷人!伍迪艾倫的表達(dá)太理性,安東尼奧尼也缺乏情感,更愛(ài)卡薩維茨。tears are happiness 攝影還有Haskell Wexler (uncredited) Eclair NPR
“……16毫米黑白攝影,表現(xiàn)36小時(shí)內(nèi)的中年夫婦婚姻危機(jī)。神經(jīng)質(zhì)的群戲表演一流水準(zhǔn),即使冗長(zhǎng)段落,也非好萊塢式的高談闊論,還是較比迷人。因?yàn)樗默F(xiàn)實(shí)主義與自斟自飲的醉形醉相頗為契合?!?/p>
A / 早期似乎仍有一些概念穿插的痕跡,但各個(gè)段落間相對(duì)獨(dú)立又相互黏附的關(guān)系掌控已經(jīng)是臻于完美。
68年這種雙向出軌家庭倫理劇應(yīng)該還是挺edgy的吧?,F(xiàn)在來(lái)看,最驚世駭俗的是每次鏡頭zoom-in下緩緩逼近放大的gena rowlands驚為天人的臉
歐天啦我覺(jué)得他一開(kāi)始就已經(jīng)達(dá)到高峰了
完全為 John Cassavetes 著迷,每部作品都具備如此出色而獨(dú)特的運(yùn)鏡,人物調(diào)度及表演都無(wú)懈可擊,為什么沒(méi)有備受推崇?相比之下,想玩同樣?xùn)|西的洪尚秀真的是差遠(yuǎn)了。