這部紀錄片真實再現(xiàn)了德國電影大師沃納·赫爾佐格(Werner Herzog)用近五年的時間在秘魯亞馬遜熱帶叢林中艱難拍攝完成震撼世界的名片《陸上行舟》(Fitzcarraldo)的過程。本片記錄了這段電影人尋找夢想的過程,但這絕不是一部現(xiàn)今發(fā)行電影DVD時幾乎必附的幕后花絮紀錄片,他沒有對影片吹噓拍馬只是忠實紀錄影片拍攝時面對的眾多不可思議的困難日子以及一個為了電影近乎瘋狂的導(dǎo)演。
《陸上行舟》根據(jù)真實事件改編,愛爾蘭人Fitzcarraldo酷愛歌劇,他想在熱帶雨林之中建造一個歌劇院然后請意大利男高音卡魯索(Caruso)來演唱,為了湊到足夠的金錢他買下來一塊橡膠田做起橡膠生意,為了往來運輸他必須弄一條船到雨林之中,在當(dāng)?shù)赜〉诎餐林鴰兔χ?,他終于把船從一條運河跨山而過運到了另一條河上。就在他興奮無比之時,卻不知土著有自己的打算,他們把船拋棄在河流之中讓他順流而下以獻給河神,F(xiàn)itzcarraldo的夢想最終破滅。他請了一個三流歌劇團來雨林表演以此完事。Fitzcarraldo的夢想沒有實現(xiàn)赫爾措格卻被之打動,他認為這種堅持夢想的行為本事就是偉大的成功,將之搬上屏幕成了赫爾佐格的夢想,卻不知這是一個折磨了他五年帶給他痛苦與快樂的夢想。
在赫爾佐格的堅持下,影片在秘魯內(nèi)陸的雨林實地拍攝,拍攝之初便卷入了當(dāng)?shù)赝林柯涞臋?quán)利之爭,而在叢林中還有軍營、石油公司各種勢力,拍攝所需物資全部空運至搭建的營地。影片緩慢的拍攝。五周后,就在影片完成40%的時候,影片主演Jason Robards因病退出劇組,飾演Fitzcarraldo伙伴Wilbur的滾石樂隊(Rolling Stone)主唱Mick Jagger則投身新專輯發(fā)行和巡演。影片陷入遙遙無期的停機狀態(tài)。
半年之后,赫爾佐格找來Klaus Kinski飾演Fitzcarraldo,攝制組再次進入雨林。影片拍攝過程中最大的矛盾出現(xiàn)了。在現(xiàn)實中,F(xiàn)itzcarraldo將船拆散運過山坡后在另一頭進行組裝。赫爾措格卻執(zhí)意要將比現(xiàn)實中大得多船整個越過山坡,他認為這能將電影的主題形像化,給人視覺沖擊。劇組請來的巴西工程師設(shè)計了一套復(fù)雜的裝置供印第安臨時演員們進行搬運,但即使是工程師也不相信這個裝置可以搬運那個大家伙。赫爾措格已經(jīng)聽不進任何勸阻,執(zhí)意實景拍攝。工程師因此退出攝制組留下“只有30%成功機會,如果失敗還會有人會死”的話。 赫爾措格最終失敗,30噸的船只移動了半米左右就退回了遠處。此時另一艘用于拍攝的船則擱淺在淺灘之上,影片再次停機。
赫爾佐格面對采訪的攝影機開始抱怨詛咒這片雨林,又掩飾不了對這原始之地的愛以及對自己夢想的執(zhí)著。又過了幾個月,影片中最重要的“陸上行舟”鏡頭終于拍攝成功,影片順利完成。此片為赫爾佐格贏得了1982年戛納最佳導(dǎo)演獎,成為他最重要的作品之一。
本片導(dǎo)演Les Blank對這片叢林充滿崇敬之情,對其原始狀態(tài)的消失而悲哀,片中的影像常常游離于攝制組之外,叢林中的螞蟻、橡膠樹、土著制作獨特食物的過程、有著可口可樂標(biāo)志的茅草屋、土著身上的米老鼠T恤、部落之間的爭端、雙鳳求凰的爭吵莫不忠實紀錄下來。使本片具有獨特的紀念價值,片中一句“專家計算,這些土著部落在2008年的時候都消失殆盡。”在當(dāng)時看來還有遙遠的26年,可現(xiàn)在再看,也只有短短的三年時間了。時間讓紀錄的影像殘酷無比。
赫爾佐格在影片中說:“在別人看來我是在做白日夢,但是我一定要做到它,我不想做一個沒有夢想的人,這樣的生命沒有意義?!彼米约旱慕?jīng)歷和自己的電影告訴人們,擁有夢想的人無論成功與否,都擁有驕傲而又偉大的靈魂。夢想會有負累,因為負累我們才去夢想。
荷索片中部分自述,自聽寫留檔。如有需勘誤處還請讀者不吝指正。
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0:14:17
"When I came back to Germany and I tried to hold all the investors together they said to me: 'well how can you continue? do you have the strength the will the enthusiasm or so?'
And i said how can you ask this question? It is... If i abandon this project I would be a man without dreams. and i don't want to live like that.
...I live my life or I end my live with this project."
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0:41:26
"I don't feel like doing a documentary on the Campas. It should not end up as an ethnographic film.
I also stylized them. I have them in the film probably are not precisely in their normal life. They do things they normally would not do. They act in the film, and that interests me even more.
Yet them have an authenticity of their culture, their behavior their movements their language and that... will just disappear from the face of this earth.
I don't want to live in a world where there are no LIONS anymore, or where there are no PEOPLE like lions.
And they are lions."
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1:11:57
"(In Portuguese(?)) or other sort of Roman Languages) The central metaphor of my film is that they haul a ship over what's essentially an impossibly steep hill.
If I lose that by using a level terrain, like the Panama Panel, I lose the central metaphor of my film. So that's why we don't agree.
As I've said, I'm prepared to take a bigger risk than the one you've advising me to take."
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1:19:35
"Of course we are challenging nature itself. And it hits back. It just hits back. That's all and...That's grandiose about it(?) and we have to accept that it is much stronger than we are.
Kinski always says it's full of erotic elements. I don't see so much erotic. I see more... full of obscenity. The nature here is violent, base. I wouldn't see anything erotical here. I would see fornication and asphyxiation and choking and... fighting for survival and... growing and... just rotting away.
...Of course has lot of misery. But it is the same misery that is... all around us. The trees are in misery. The birds are in misery. I don't think they sing, they just squeal(?) in pain.
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1:21:45
"...It's like a curse weighing(?) on the entire landscape. And whoever goes to deep into this, has his share of that curse. So we are cursed with what we are doing here.
It's a land that god, if exists, has created in anger. Its the only land where creation is unfinished yet.
Taking a close look at what's around us. There is some sort of harmony. It is the harmony of overwhelming and collective murder.
And we're in comparison to the articulate wildness and baseness and obscenity of all this jungle. We're in comparison to that enormous articulation. We only sound and look like badly pronounced and half-finished sentences out of a stupid surburban novel - a cheap novel.
And we have to become humble, in front of this overwhelming misery and...overwhelming fornication, overwhelming growth and overwhelming lack of order. Even the stars appear in the sky look like a mess.
There is no harmony in the universe. We have to get acquainted to this idea that there is no real harmony as we have conceived it.
But when I say this... I say this all full of admiration for the jungle. It's not that I hate it.
I love it. I love it very much. But I love it against my better judgment."
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1:29:08
"...Very much of this is too crazy and too... just not what a man should do in his life all the time.
...Even if I get that boat over that mountain, somehow I finish that film. Anyone can congratulate me and talk me to find it marvelous. Nobody on this earth will convince me to be happy about all that.
Not until the end of my days."
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1:30:53
"It's not only my dreams. My belief is that all these dreams are yours as well.
And the only distinction between me and you is that I can articulate them. And that is what poetry or painting or literature or filmmaking is all about. It's as simple as that.
And I make films because I have not learn anything else. And I know I can do it to a certain degree.
And It is my duty, because this might be the inner chronicle(?) of what we are. And we have to articulate ourselves, otherwise we would be cows in the field.”
“Of course we are challenging nature itself and it hits back. It just hits back that’s all. And that’s grandiose about it and we have to accept that it is much stronger than we are. Kiniski always says it’s full of erotic elements I don’t see so much erotic I see it more full of obscenity it’s just...natural here is veil and base.
I wouldn’t see anything erotical here I would see fornication and asphyxiation and choking and fighting for survival and growing and just rotting away. Of course there’s a lot of misery but it is the same misery that is all around us the trees are in misery and the birds are in misery I don’t think they...they singing they just screench in pain.
It’s an unfinished country it’s still prehistorical. the only thing that’s lacking is the dinosaurs here. it’s like a curse weighing on an entire landscape and whoever goes to deep into this has his share of that curse. so we are cursed with what we are doing here. it’s a land that God, If he exists, has created in anger. it’s the only land where creation is unfinished yet. Taking a close look at what’s around us. there is some sort of a harmony it is the harmony of overwhelming and collective murder. and weight in comparison to the articulate vileness and baseness and obscenity of all this jungle. we in comparison to that enormous articulation we only sound and look like badly pronounced and half finished sentence out of a stupid suburban novel. a cheap novel. and we have to become humble in front of this overwhelming misery and overwhelming fornication overwhelming growth and overwhelming lack of order.
Even the star up here i. the sky looks like a mess. there is no harmony in the universe we have to get acquainted to this idea that there is no real harmony as we have convinced it. but when I say this. I say this all full of admiration of the jungle. it’s not that I hate it. I love it. I love it very much but I love it against my better judgment.”
這部紀錄片紀錄我的偶像Herzog拍攝《陸上行舟》的過程。
通往偉大之路,除了夢想,天才,更要有磨掉一身皮,全世界都放棄了你依然不放棄的毅力。
這個世界的有趣在于,有這些瘋狂的人,做這些瘋狂的事,化不可能為可能。
故事關(guān)于一位瘋狂的愛爾蘭人想在鳥不拉屎的亞馬遜熱帶雨林建一座劇院邀請意大利最牛的歌劇大師去演唱,為了達成這個目標(biāo)他買了一座橡膠林來積累資金,為了搬運橡膠需要船只運輸,還不得不把船從一條運河搬到另一條運河。然而兩條河隔著山,他決定把船從山上拉過去!最后,居然,拉過去了……拉過去后船又撞碎了……
Herzog決定拍這個故事,他也要把一座巨輪拉過一座山,在亞馬遜雨林實地重現(xiàn)陸地行舟的奇景。而且,為了效果,船不拆,整船拉上山。
過程各種離奇坎坷絕望……
比如第一個拍攝地被當(dāng)?shù)赝林謬樆乇环呕馃黄忍幼撸?/p>
第二個基地拍了40%主演病了,不得不重拍;
然后,發(fā)現(xiàn)船太大拉不上山工程師也不干了,員工也離職了;
然后出事故死傷多人了……
最后,居然,5年后,他還是把船拉過山了……
我太愛這樣的瘋狂天才了!
好的劇組劇照也可以成為一個紀錄片導(dǎo)演。此片就是一部關(guān)于赫索拍攝《陸上行舟》的劇照片。問題不在這里,問題是1980年,為什么一個歐洲人要跑到熱帶雨林,用電影和印第安人來完成一個有關(guān)西西弗斯的隱喻。
納粹德國為德國,乃至整個歐洲和人類開出的精神危機藥方及其實踐失敗后,和平本身并不能緩解歐洲精神危機,作為人的精神焦慮仍在繼續(xù)。土著,雨林,非洲和伊斯蘭國家,他們在歐洲人的焦慮中被觀看。與其說他們被“政治正確”地對待,就像赫索在影片中呈現(xiàn)的那樣為他們爭得土地所有權(quán),譴責(zé)木材,石油開采對環(huán)境的破壞,對西方文明對他們的影響等,不如說他們向這些無辜的居民投射出病態(tài)的同情。喜愛他們貼近自然的生活,嫉妒他們平靜和有神的世界,而又厭惡他們的無知。但同時赫索又祈求他們,希望在這片未開化的土地上,找到能夠緩釋歐洲精神危機的藥方。不知是誰更需要救助,像是一位癌癥患者在與他眼中的一位慢性心血管疾病患者互訴衷腸,又好像美男子在顧影自憐。
與其說赫索和他的行為藝術(shù),乃至電影是偉大的,不如說歐洲人在骨子里還是有很強的圖騰崇拜的傾向——一種將某種精神狀態(tài)具象化的嘗試。當(dāng)赫索在蠻荒之地樹立起他的圖騰,并且在陡坡上緩慢移動,嘗試醫(yī)治處于精神危機中的歐洲時,該紀錄片卻沒有把當(dāng)?shù)赝林?,那些印第安人的祭祀與文化信仰放置在其中加以對比——比赫索的《陸上行舟》更加原始和自發(fā)的圖騰。紀錄片只是少量展示了他們臉上的圖案,弓箭和獨木舟,最終又說當(dāng)?shù)赝林鴩L試獻祭這重達300噸的船于河神——一種與赫索所做相類似的行為對赫索圖騰的解構(gòu)。然而紀錄片卻沒有表現(xiàn)。
當(dāng)赫索得知將船拉上40度傾角的陡坡,死傷是大概率事件時,他沒有停止。他認為這是人的宿命,這是任何宗教儀式的必然,這血是必然要留在這個土地上的。他當(dāng)然不希望他的印第安朋友會出事,如果有一個人必須要犧牲,那他將愿意自己是第一個。他希望是一個白人,一個勇敢的白人的血,換得土著們得安全。然而這又與希特勒的種族主義有多大差別呢?自我與超我在赫索那里始終是無法調(diào)和的矛盾。流血,死亡,受難在歐洲精神危機徹底解除之前仍然是這位德國導(dǎo)演必須背負的荊棘。藝術(shù),電影,或許能夠緩釋部分痛苦,但也注定要以流血的方式,對此,拍攝過程中的種種挫折和失敗也以不算什么。
敢于向全世界宣布做白日夢、并有勇氣和毅力去實現(xiàn),赫爾佐格再次證明:電影的確是造夢的機器;連補兩部訪談花絮,被唯心至上的力量征服,幾乎是“人定勝天”的最好解釋;不露聲色的低調(diào),隱約透露著驚人的堅定,我不贊成封他瘋子,結(jié)尾處對于自然和人性的感言多么細膩,樂觀背后多少孤獨悲觀。
Investors: How can you continue? Herzog: How can you ask this question? If I abandon this project, I would be a man without dreams, and I don't want to live like that./// This might be an inner chronicle about what we are. We have to articulate ourselves, otherwise we would be cows in the field. 赫爾佐格大概是最清醒的瘋子。
挺有趣的幕后記錄,爆了好多料,這應(yīng)該算是有史以來拍攝最困難的電影了吧,比我們?nèi)ヤ伖茏訉嵲陔y太多了,赫爾佐格在好友的鏡頭下不像是個瘋子,倒像是一個永不言棄的夢想家,紀錄片敘事流暢,很多地方讓人忍俊不禁,這不僅是兩種文明的對接和摩擦,更是重新認識到自然偉大力量的艱難旅途。
人一旦有了夢想,就無法逃避它,從此被奴役、灼傷,佝僂著身軀承受它的負擔(dān),終生如此。它就是生活本身。它是人的本質(zhì)。
這部有關(guān)《陸上行舟》的紀錄片和正片比絲毫不遜色。說淺點可以當(dāng)旅游觀光、文化片看(印第安人的生活)。更吸引人的是看到“有理想”的導(dǎo)演敢想、能吃苦、遇到各種困難(真的難)堅持(4年)不放棄。金基德再被吐槽“嬌氣”(不愿意喝口水發(fā)酵的樹薯酒)還不是為了拍攝在“臟兮兮”“蚊子日常”的片場從頭拍到尾。
“This church will remain close until this city has a opera house.” “These lands will belong to them after the film is finished”,百年來最偉大的電影,最不敬的夢,最勇敢的人
我是沒想到沃納·赫爾佐格覺得大自然是猥瑣的,的確人們對大自然的塑造對比工業(yè)社會來說是圣潔美好的,但我想到的更多是蚊蟲與感覺不出來的清新空氣。導(dǎo)演的偏執(zhí)與謙虛讓我想到敬佩。以前拍電影真的集中了相當(dāng)大的社會資源,場地問題換演員重拍都沒有讓一個片子流產(chǎn),這兩個問題對哪個現(xiàn)代劇組都是滅頂之災(zāi)。一個片子的好壞在于他是否有哲學(xué)意義上的思考,雖然這個紀錄片有很多功能性的東西,沃納·赫爾佐格的塑造也是以點綴的訪談來完成,相當(dāng)過癮。
Herzog不是在挑戰(zhàn)自然,而是在狂熱朝圣。放tm屁的自然規(guī)律,無序無常才是其本來的面貌。這不符常理的瘋狂,是最接近神的創(chuàng)造。
長評:http://movie.douban.com/review/3436168/
believe in dreams!“我不會再拍電影,我會馬上進瘋?cè)嗽骸?,有史以來最長的旱季,三艘巨輪,臨時更換演員,與野人溝通交涉……一切只為這部該死的瘋狂的夢一般的電影!某種意義上的成功!
#香港電影節(jié)#看完陸上行舟緊接著看如何陸上行舟式地拍出陸上行舟,可以說是很嵌套了。Fitzcarraldo和赫爾佐格的形象融為一體。但是赫爾佐格意外地并不像F那么癲狂,而是很平靜溫和的執(zhí)著,更像修行的僧侶而非瘋子。許多堅持和瘋狂的做法一部分是為了呈現(xiàn)效果,另一部分也是為了堅持本身
赫爾佐格是德國戰(zhàn)后四小強【施隆多夫、文德斯、法斯賓德】里,小強屬性最明顯的:生命不息戰(zhàn)斗不止啊……對一般意義上的成功不屑一顧,他們追求的乃是真正的偉大【伊伯特語】
被赫爾佐格的個人魅力深深折服了?,F(xiàn)代文明與史前文明的沖擊和協(xié)作,創(chuàng)造出了這部偉大作品。為這種不言棄的造夢精神大為觸動,感謝電影,讓我有了做夢和遇見夢的機會。
我覺得相當(dāng)無厘頭,就是一個花絮嘛,cc還能單弄個出來。。。而且,我并不覺得這算什么夢想。
荷索團隊為了電影拍攝答應(yīng)替當(dāng)?shù)卦∶窆餐幦⊥恋鬲毩?quán)。這樣想想相較之下那些社會參與藝術(shù)真是吊詭
陸上行舟為一種信仰。瞠目結(jié)舌,冒一身汗,亞馬遜河上飄有一層霧氣,而大熒幕彰顯那樣朦朧夢境般,屬于那時那地那人的:光暈?待了四年,船越過山丘,何索說大自然是那樣殘酷,“我在這里沒有看到任何的情愛之物,我只看到亂倫、窒息、和為生存掙扎、成長,腐爛?!?他大罵叢林,說天上星星不亮了。嗯,星在我們眼里,投望向他,赫爾佐格是真正的菲茨杰拉德。影人心中的神話便是如此了?!半娪矮I給那勢不可擋的、痛苦的、缺乏理性的愛意” :)為期兩月的何索特展,以在熒幕上見到他(這么一個有生命力的何索及他愿意忠實于并付出生命的熱愛)作為段落,好極了。#THECINEMATHEQUE
荷索說,這是你我共同的夢想,如果不能表述出來,那就和咸魚沒有分別,這就是文學(xué)、藝術(shù)、影視的力量
陸上行舟幕后,還是覺得直譯為“夢想的負擔(dān)”更貼切些?!叭绻曳艞壛诉@個計劃,我就是個毫無夢想的人,我不想那樣活著?!焙諣栕舾袷莻€詩人,同時又是個瘋子。
這不僅是我一個人的夢想,我相信的是,這些夢想也是你的。你我唯一的區(qū)別就是我能表達清楚,那就是詩歌繪畫文字或是電影制作追求的。這是我的責(zé)任,因為這是,或許是,我們的心路歷程。我們得清楚的表達自己,否則我們和咸魚沒有什么區(qū)別。
很多人,只能遠遠觀望,不可近處端詳??雌饋硎莻€神話,但實際也不過是個普通的人。但是herzog不是,看了他的作品,對他的訪談,看了他參加的活動寫的書,一切都很完美,他就是那個神??吹剿陀X得氣定神閑,所有的想法和事情都很好,都值得去做。夢想也是可以存在的。不會被世俗玷污。